Candidates should be able to:
Group II
(a) describe the reactions of the elements with oxygen, water and dilute acids
(b) describe the behaviour of the oxides, hydroxides and carbonates with water and with dilute acids
(c) describe the thermal decomposition of the nitrates and carbonates
(d) interpret, and make predictions from, the trends in physical and chemical properties of the elements and their compounds
(e) explain the use of magnesium oxide as a refractory lining material
(f) describe and explain the use of lime in agriculture
Group VII
(a) describe the colours of, and the trend in volatility of chlorine, bromine and iodine
(b) interpret the volatility of the elements in terms of van der Waals’
forces
(c) describe the relative reactivity of the elements as oxidising agents
(d) describe and explain the reactions of the elements with hydrogen
(e) (i) describe and explain the relative thermal stabilities of the hydrides
(ii) interpret these relative stabilities in terms of bond energies
(f) describe and explain the reactions of halide ions with (i) aqueous silver ions followed by aqueous ammonia (ii) concentrated sulfuric acid
(g) outline a method for the manufacture of chlorine from brine by a diaphragm cell (see also Section 6)
(h) describe and interpret in terms of changes of oxidation number the reaction of chlorine with cold, and with hot, aqueous sodium hydroxide
(i) explain the use of chlorine in water purification
(j) state the industrial importance and environmental significance of the halogens and their compounds (e.g. for bleaches, PVC, halogenated hydrocarbons as solvents, refrigerants and in aerosols) (see also Section 10.3)
Group II
(a) describe the reactions of the elements with oxygen, water and dilute acids
(b) describe the behaviour of the oxides, hydroxides and carbonates with water and with dilute acids
(c) describe the thermal decomposition of the nitrates and carbonates
(d) interpret, and make predictions from, the trends in physical and chemical properties of the elements and their compounds
(e) explain the use of magnesium oxide as a refractory lining material
(f) describe and explain the use of lime in agriculture
Group VII
(a) describe the colours of, and the trend in volatility of chlorine, bromine and iodine
(b) interpret the volatility of the elements in terms of van der Waals’
forces
(c) describe the relative reactivity of the elements as oxidising agents
(d) describe and explain the reactions of the elements with hydrogen
(e) (i) describe and explain the relative thermal stabilities of the hydrides
(ii) interpret these relative stabilities in terms of bond energies
(f) describe and explain the reactions of halide ions with (i) aqueous silver ions followed by aqueous ammonia (ii) concentrated sulfuric acid
(g) outline a method for the manufacture of chlorine from brine by a diaphragm cell (see also Section 6)
(h) describe and interpret in terms of changes of oxidation number the reaction of chlorine with cold, and with hot, aqueous sodium hydroxide
(i) explain the use of chlorine in water purification
(j) state the industrial importance and environmental significance of the halogens and their compounds (e.g. for bleaches, PVC, halogenated hydrocarbons as solvents, refrigerants and in aerosols) (see also Section 10.3)